Tuesday, August 25, 2020

Describe Your Accomplishment Essay Example for Free

Portray Your Accomplishment Essay Portray the achievements you have accomplished during this course. My first achievements are to pass the course of math and buckle down on the test. I’m achievement in getting a solid establishment in this course. This achievement is to understanding numerous zones shrouded in math, for models: entire number, the LCM prime factorization, and rearranging the articulations, Bar charts and line diagrams, extents, rates and unit costs and proportions, percent issues, utilizing the conditions, basic and accruing funds. These are model I have accomplished this school quarter. Talk about a couple of points or ideas that have been a battle up until now. The ideas that I have a battle with this term start with adjusting and assessing like for instance, I would have something like possibly 47 however I know how you round to the closer which will be 50 and if the entire number is 1. The second idea I been battle with has been straightforward and self multiplying dividends has been the more awful. For instance: If I had $1000 into and speculation for 1 year. I gain proficiency with the $1000 is known as the head. On the off chance that the yearly loan cost is 8%, notwithstanding the head, you get back 8% of the chief you get back 8% of the chief will be for the utilization of the cash extra time. 8% of $1000 you can likes 0. 8 $1000 or $80. 00. Depict one move step you can make to conquer your battle. One of my activity step, I’m making a decent attempt to defeat my battle to me would be work more on my online classes, figure out how to hand schoolwork over on schedule and converse with my Professor more if any presumably happen in my math course. Another battle has been straightforward and progressive accrual utilize the training to concentrate before stepping through an exam whether you r class or other Professor. I attempt to utilize the examination plan this has help me achievements and make passing mark. This has been a course I prepared need to pass bomb this equivalent class last semester.

Saturday, August 22, 2020

THE CAUSES OF THE CIVIL WAR Essay Example For Students

THE CAUSES OF THE CIVIL WAR Essay The awful ?fireball in the night envisioned by Jefferson had at last crosspiece. The Missouri Compromise had fizzled. Proslavery and abolitionist regular citizens conflicted in the avenues and waged war. A huge number of Northerners were eager to kick the bucket for their convictions. The Civil War had started. The states were at war with one another. This separating fight between the North and the South was unavoidable. The Civil War was brought about by monetary, political and moral issues. Everything began by a disturbing increment in a requirement for cotton, which set off the structure of a hindrance between two regions in a developing country. New Machinery was changing the material business in New England and Britain. These plants required increasingly more cotton, making another interest in the south. For this exchange with Europe, after 1812, crude cotton represented 33% all cotton fares of the United States. By 1830, it expanded to half. Cotton immediately turned into a maj or lucrative money crop for the South and North economy the same. In any case, the interest likewise resuscitated the requirement for slaves. The manors must be worked, and blacks were a modest, proficient approach to get the cotton picked. To make their employments simpler, Eli Whitney exploited the new thought, and imagined the cotton gin(short for motor). It quickly cleaned the seeds from the short, clingy strands of upland cotton, the assortment that developed everywhere throughout the South. The procedure was basic: a roller conveyed crude cotton along wooden braces. Sharp metal teeth push through the supports and immediately pulled the filaments from the seeds. In 1794, he acquired a patent. Whitney despite everything earned little since it was basic enough for makers to duplicate. Despite the fact that the machine made accomplishing cotton quicker, slaves were still pushed to work more enthusiastically and deliver more. We will compose a custom article on THE CAUSES OF THE CIVIL WAR explicitly for you for just $16.38 $13.9/page Request now Blacks under bondage unquestionably drove a cruel, out of line life. In any case, that is the place the white southerners accepted blacks had a place. Northerners knew better. Harriet Beecher-Stowe, a female, dark abolitionist knew about these conditions. She composed Uncle Toms Cabin, which was distributed in 1852, and depicted the staggering mercilessness and repulsions of servitude. Stowe needed to compose something that would cause the entire country to feel what a detestable thing subjection is. Her tale turned out to be generally famous, and inside a year, perusers had purchased 300,000 duplicates. Any place it went, it conveyed its ground-breaking message of the wrongs of bondage. She trusted the novel would carry a quiet end to subjugation, however rather it appeared to carry the country closer to war. Obviously, not all Southerners upheld subjugation, nor did all Northerners contradict it. However abolitionist emotions were on the ascent in the North?few white Southerners we nt to boundaries. Their anxiety lay in keeping up the ranch framework as it existed. With her book she had the option to increase numerous Northerners support in the abolitionist race, yet simultaneously she insulted the Southerners. Harriets epic was one of the numerous things that competed doubt between the North and South. The North didnt trust the South since they wouldn't help Southern estate proprietors catch slaves. North relied upon the South for bringing in cash, and the South relied upon the captives to pick their cotton. This made the Northern dread of Competition. The North was anxious about the possibility that that South would pick up intensity of yields and put them bankrupt. This implied servitude would twofold. The North was conflicted between giving the slaves their legitimate decisions, or keeping the economy adjusted. It involved good gauges. The South needed to split away from the association, while the North despite everything needed the two domains to remain t ogether. This contention was the primary driver of the Civil War. The South contended about their states rights. They said a state could invalidate a government law it didn't think about established. Southern states based their entitlement to leave the association, on the reality the first 13 states had existed independently before they shaped together for the United States. The South could break their faithfulness to the association since they were not part of the first U.S. On the off chance that they could frame there own alliance, the South could proceed with the utilization of slaves while additionally keeping their rule on the cotton business. .u07940ed1e8a8a5f06de714118a5914a5 , .u07940ed1e8a8a5f06de714118a5914a5 .postImageUrl , .u07940ed1e8a8a5f06de714118a5914a5 .focused content zone { min-stature: 80px; position: relative; } .u07940ed1e8a8a5f06de714118a5914a5 , .u07940ed1e8a8a5f06de714118a5914a5:hover , .u07940ed1e8a8a5f06de714118a5914a5:visited , .u07940ed1e8a8a5f06de714118a5914a5:active { border:0!important; } .u07940ed1e8a8a5f06de714118a5914a5 .clearfix:after { content: ; show: table; clear: both; } .u07940ed1e8a8a5f06de714118a5914a5 { show: square; progress: foundation shading 250ms; webkit-change: foundation shading 250ms; width: 100%; darkness: 1; progress: haziness 250ms; webkit-progress: obscurity 250ms; foundation shading: #95A5A6; } .u07940ed1e8a8a5f06de714118a5914a5:active , .u07940ed1e8a8a5f06de714118a5914a5:hover { murkiness: 1; change: mistiness 250ms; webkit-progress: murkiness 250ms; foundation shading: #2C3E50; } .u07940ed1e8a8a5f06de714118a5914a5 .focused content zone { width: 100%; position: relative; } .u07940ed1e8a8a5f06de714118a5914a5 .ctaText { outskirt base: 0 strong #fff; shading: #2980B9; text dimension: 16px; textual style weight: intense; edge: 0; cushioning: 0; content enhancement: underline; } .u07940ed1e8a8a5f06de714118a5914a5 .postTitle { shading: #FFFFFF; text dimension: 16px; text style weight: 600; edge: 0; cushioning: 0; width: 100%; } .u07940ed1e8a8a5f06de714118a5914a5 .ctaButton { foundation shading: #7F8C8D!important; shading: #2980B9; fringe: none; outskirt span: 3px; box-shadow: none; text dimension: 14px; text style weight: striking; line-tallness: 26px; moz-outskirt range: 3px; content adjust: focus; content design: none; content shadow: none; width: 80px; min-stature: 80px; foundation: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/modules/intelly-related-posts/resources/pictures/basic arrow.png)no-rehash; position: total; right: 0; top: 0; } .u07940ed1e8a8a5f06de714118a5914a5:hover .ctaButton { foundation shading: #34495E!important; } .u07940ed1e8a8a5f06de7141 18a5914a5 .focused content { show: table; stature: 80px; cushioning left: 18px; top: 0; } .u07940ed1e8a8a5f06de714118a5914a5-content { show: table-cell; edge: 0; cushioning: 0; cushioning right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-adjust: center; width: 100%; } .u07940ed1e8a8a5f06de714118a5914a5:after { content: ; show: square; clear: both; } READ: Othello - Treatment of Women EssayThe policy centered issues that caused the Civil War, spun around issues that included regional subjects and servitude acts. In 1820, the Missouri Compromise was worked out and increased congressional endorsement. Missouri was to be conceded as a slave state, and Maine would enter the association as a free state. The trade off additionally disallowed bondage in other American domains west of the Mississippi waterway and North of Missouris southern limit. Stephen A. Douglas presented a bill called the Kansas-Nebraska Act. It proposed to isolate the zone into two regions: that of Kansas and that of Nebraska . It was suggested that Kansas would turn into a slave state, and Nebraska would be liberated from servitude. Famous power was additionally placed into impact. This demonstration gave the voters, in every domain, the option to conclude whether to turn into a free state or a slave state. Together, they rendered the Missouri Compromise good for nothing. As the Souths reliance on servitude expanded somewhere in the range of 1790 and 1860, the hole between the Southern cotton economy and mechanical economy of the North enlarged. The restricting objectives and requirements of the North and South made a more profound clash a contention that in the end lead to war. Essentially, the North battled to keep the association together, and give dark slaves opportunity, while the South battled for their way of life, homes, and to keep things together monetarily. The northerners had high good issues while the Southerners needed to keep their estates and cotton creation. They werent ready to surrend er there slaves. There were such a large number of contentions between the two regions, so they battled to determine them. John Brown, a wrathful abolitionist put it best, the violations of this liable land will never be cleansed away, however with blood. The north won the war, and ties were broken. The obstruction they had begun to construct such a long time ago at long last disintegrated.

Thursday, July 30, 2020

Revisiting the EA vs RD question - UGA Undergraduate Admissions

Revisiting the EA vs RD question - UGA Undergraduate Admissions Revisiting the EA vs RD question I am re-posting a blog post from last August, as it is the time of year when all the questions start coming up concerning the Early Action (EA) vs Regular Decision (RD) process. So without further delay, here is an updated version of last years post! From now until October 15, one of the most common questions for the admission office will be Should I apply for Early Action (EA) or Regular Decision (RD)? There is the perceived notion that one option is better than the other (NOT TRUE!). If a student applies EA and is deferred, they will be shifted to the next stage of review and will be looked at the same way as an RD applicant. If a student applies RD and meets the EA criteria for admission, they will receive an acceptance in late February. In reality, the only person that can answer the question of how they should apply is the student who is applying. First, the EA Vs. RD difference is really about timing. If a student submits an application for EA, they will know something by at least mid-December. This something could be an acceptance, a denial, or a deferral (which means we want more information before we can make a decision). Early Action accepts are applicants that are extremely strong academically, and that our office determines we would admit without even reviewing the non-academic information. EA denials are students that we determine we would not admit for EA or RD based upon the information we have at that time. Deferred applicants are seen as very competitive academically, and we want to review the file after we have receive more detailed information about the student. RD applicants who apply will receive a decision in late February (if they meet EA requirements), or they will hear in late March, when all RD or deferred EA applicants will know final decisions. Here are my two suggestions when looking at EA vs RD: First, look at the First-Year Profile for previous years, and determine where the applicant would fall within grades, curriculum and test scores. Since Early Action (EA) admitted students are at the top end of the group, if an applicant is not in the mid-50% or higher in at least two of the areas, they should rethink applying EA. Secondly, the applicant should ask if they would like to have first semester grades or SAT/ACT scores from after October in their file before a decision is made. If you want UGA admissions to see more about you, apply RD. And for those of you who apply EA just because you do not have to complete part II of the application (now it is just the short essays), even though you are not near the mid ranges in the profile, I would suggest you think again. Give yourself time to get your application together, and do not rush to complete it in the end just because you knew you would be deferred but did not want to do part II of the application yet. This is like pushing off writing a 10 page report until the last day, and wondering why it did not turn out as well as you thought it would. Remember that there are a few changes to the 2010 application, with the two biggest items being that each student needs to enter in their self-reported academic grades (so go ahead and get a copy of your transcript!), and that the activities section has been shifted to part I. EA applications will still be reviewed in the same way as in the past, but these two changes will help both our office and the applicant pool in regards to the timing of decisions and the overall admission process. Go Dawgs!

Friday, May 22, 2020

Essay on George Balanchine - 1558 Words

George Balanchine One of the most important and influential people in the world of ballet is George Balanchine. He became a legend long before he died. He brought the standards of dance up to a level that had never been seen before, and he created a new audience for ballet. Balanchine was one of the greatest and most prolific choreographers in ballet history, choreographing at least 300 ballets; he was rivaled in quantity only by Jules Perrot and Marius Petipa. At the age of nine he started training at the Imperial School in St. Petersburg. He rarely saw his family because they lived far away and he became the ward of Grigory Grigorevich, who was in charge of the school. There Balanchine†¦show more content†¦In 1924, with Vladimir Dimitrievs help, Balanchine, Tamara Geva, Nicholas Efimov, and Alexandra Danilova formed the Soviet State Dancers, and were allowed to tour Germany during the Maryinsky vacation. They decided not to return to Russia, but to defect and go to England. The small comp any did so poorly in London that they were bought out of their contracts. They then went to Paris in hopes of finding work. Serge Diaghilev heard of this Russian company and sent for them. He hired the four dancers, and also allowed Dimitriev to work for the company. Diaghilev thought the Georgians name Balanchivadze was too difficult to pronounce and changed it to Balanchine. Diaghilev was immediately impressed with Balanchines creative ballets and wanted him to choreograph for the opera in Monte Carlo. For the Ballets Russes he created Apollo in 1928 and The Prodigal Son in 1929, which have remained Blanchines signature pieces to this day. In 1926 Geva divorced him and went to America, and Alexandra Danilova became his unofficial wife. In 1929, while still with the Diaghilev company. Balanchine choreographed and danced in Dark Red Roses, the first talking motion picture in England. It was at this time that Balanchine heard of Diaghilevs death, leaving him and the entire Ballets Russes without work. George Balanchine past successes found him work as a choreographer in London, Copenhagen, Paris and also for a new company in Monte Carlo under theShow MoreRelatedGeorge Balanchine Essay821 Words   |  4 PagesGeorge Balanchine Ballet is one of the worlds oldest and newest forms of dance. One man that created new audiences for ballet and mastered the dance to its fullest was none other than George Balanchine. He brought the standard ballet to levels no one has ever seen before. In the world of dance, there have been many wonderful and talented choreographers but Balanchines work affected the dance world so much that he was a legend long before his death. Not only was he legendary worldwide but alsoRead More George Balanchine Essay6674 Words   |  27 PagesGeorge Balanchine If composers are the masters of time, then the choreographer George Balanchine is the master of visual realization of that time in human terms. A master in both the kinesthetic and musical frames of creativity, he did not devote his energies to music visualization by assigning a certain number of dancers to represent strings, others the brass, and still others woodwinds or percussion but by creating a visual analogy in space that restates the musical structure with the trainedRead MoreGeorge Balanchine s The Nutcracker1636 Words   |  7 PagesFink Professor Christopher Connelly Humanities 101 6 December 2016 George Balanchine and The Nutcracker George Balanchine himself said, â€Å"The choreographer and the dancer must remember that they reach the audience through the eye. It’s the illusion created which convinces the audience, much as it is with the work of a magician.†  ³ Balanchine could be considered just that of a magician in the way that he brought his ballets to life. George Balanchine’s The Nutcracker, could truly be described as an illustrationRead MoreGeorge Balanchine And Russian Ballet1058 Words   |  5 Pages As world has changed over the last century or so, the ballet world has been changing with it. There are many people who have helped shape that change. The changes in style were mainly influenced by George Balanchine. George Balanchine, a Russian choreographer and ballet dancer, also known as the father of American ballet, was the man who was said to have changed the style of ballet forever. Along with these changes in style came changes in visual design elements, inspirational figu res, and changesRead More Women In Ballet Essay examples1085 Words   |  5 Pagesis the Nutcracker who gives the Mouse King a mortal wound (Banes 60). Ultimately, The Nutcracker is Claras girlhood dream of love and marriage. In the Land of Sweets, Clara is finally able to be with her prince and with shining eyes adores him (Balanchine 249-253). The Nutcracker also restores the ideal that marriage for gentry women is sweet, pleasant, and fulfilling. In the metaphoric wedding feast in Act II, Clara is calm and docile watching the various antics, but not participating, which alsoRead MoreEssay on My First Semester of College1157 Words   |  5 Pagesclass if I was to take away one key element, or topic that made the biggest impact in my life it would be George Balanchine. Even though Balanchine appears in ballet no matter what time period an individual is talking about the name Balanchine can easily be connected to the topic of conversation and I think that is truly remarkable. One thing that I found truly remarkable about Balanchine was how he strived in the face of adversity. Even though he was in a sense kicked out of the Balle t RusseRead MoreBiography Of George Balanchine s The Ballet 1000 Words   |  4 Pages George Balanchine once said â€Å"The Ballet is purely a female thing; it is a woman, a garden of beautiful flowers, and man is a gardener† (Goellner and Murphy, 36) , but this ideology doesn’t apply to everyone. King Louis XIV of France wasn’t a gardener, but the beautiful flower. He started practicing ballet from a young age. The ballet was rising in the late 17th century and it had an important role both in social and political sections. Also named as the Sun king, Louis XIV had theRead MoreBallet : Women And Women1089 Words   |  5 Pages Although nowadays gender has no boundaries in the world of dance, dance has always been known for its gender significance towards women such as ballet as it is created to look graceful and according to Balanchine, â€Å"ballet was women† because the truest form of ballet was the long lines of the female body (â€Å"cite source†). Even though ballet was developed in the courts of Renaissance Italy by a man, King Louis XIV, it was actually introduced by an Italian noblewoman, Catherine de’ Medici and one ofRead MoreContemporary Ballet853 Words   |  4 Pagesand innovations of the 20th century modern dance; including floor work and turn-in and out of the legs. George Balanchine is often considerate to have been the first pioneer of the Contemporary Ballet. He used flexed hands and feet, turn-in legs, off centered positions, and non classical costumes; such as leotards, unitards, and/or tunics. One dancer who trained with Balanchine was Mekhair Baryshnikov. He was an artistic director of the American Ballet Theater. In 1980 he began workingRead MoreSearching For Nijinsky s Sacre By Millicent Hodson1611 Words   |  7 Pagesarticle’s main point. The Balanchine Woman: Of Hummingbirds and Channel Swimmers â€Å"The Balanchine Women: Of Hummingbirds and Channel Swimmers† was written by Ann Daly. Daly is an essayist who specializes in writing on women and women’s history. Many of her writings have appeared in journals such as The New York Times, Village Voice, and Texas Observer. The excerpt is a journal article from The Drama Review, which was published in 1987. In â€Å"The Balanchine Woman: Of Hummingbirds and Channel

Sunday, May 10, 2020

Secrets About Their Eyes Were Watching God Essay Topics Exposed

Secrets About Their Eyes Were Watching God Essay Topics Exposed The writers were therefore presenting their protest literature to the general public, with the aim of altering the society. To get started writing your assignment you would want to run into an interesting and promising topic. It will assist you with the writing process. Do away with your assignments with assistance from the writers at EssayShark. Once Janie had discovered, that she is able to define herself through her speech relations with different individuals, she's also made mindful of the simple fact that silence, may also be use as an empowerment supply. As you have observed, these are only a few of the numerous things a writer can write about. In prose, an individual would rarely locate a piece work where the author utilizes language and poetic devices to convey a message. Employing voice, the author can make sure that the reader has fully understood the message that's being conveyed. Vital Pieces of Their Eyes Were Watching God Essay Topics The entire idea is to take pleasure in the procedure. You are able to write about whatever you want, but do make sure it's a high quality article. You should have your reasons, and our principal concern is that you find yourself getting an excellent grade. There's no correct or wrong when it has to do with choosing what you believe in regards to your wellbeing. It is possible to also acquire different discounts on our site which will help you to save some more money for future orders or anything you want to spend them on. Typically, it takes as many as 2 hours of time to comb through dozens of sites until you discover something exciting to write about. It's important to get the proper quantity of data in your article. Our customer support will gladly tell you whether there are any special offers at the present time, and make sure you are getting the very best service our business can deliver. Together with the topics, you'd come across loads of papers at no cost. To take it once in a while as soon as the directions say three times per day will mean limited benefits, if any. Students lead busy lives and frequently forget about an approaching deadline. I'm a student I'm a teacher. There's an understanding between the both of them that this will be of concern to the majority of people, but they opt to look past it. After running a to n of health tests and following the youthful man heals a terminal cancer patient, it's found that he has a kind of herpes virus that leads to delusions. Think on what it is that you are saying in your heart. Many parents realize that they can prevent each of the problems of public and private school with homeschooling. however, it isn't perfect either. All About Their Eyes Were Watching God Essay Topics I've tried utilizing the water pressure from the showers also and I have to say the feeling is great! As an example, men are often utilized to using a rough touch because that's what they like. Many men masturbate so as to satisfy themselves, and the procedure can be very enjoyable if you do it correctly. But any guy who walks in the manner of power and property will surely be meet hate (Hurston 47). There continue to be a great deal of people around who say that size does matter a lot particularly when it regards the matter of obtaining a woman to orgasm fast. Visit Sexual Endurance for Men There are particular methods that will reveal to you precisely what to do to attain explosive sexual stamina. There's help so that you may master female ejaculation and be the very best. This is likely to make your girl feel very comfortable and she'll achieve a number of orgasms with no inhibitions. If you wish to make her orgasm with just your fingers, then you should learn how to stimulate her by utilizing a delicate touch. Repeat till you attain orgasm. You want to provide her an orgasm that's out of this world. Top Choices of Their Eyes Were Watching God Essay Topics Sam Watson claims this is the association between Joe Starks and the town. Janie experiences various kinds of love throughout her life. Janie desired a larger purpose. He even beats Janie in order to verify that he controls her. Using Their Eyes Were Watching God Essay Topics Muliebrity in line with the dictionary can be defined as the condition an individual has of being a true woman'. You may want to maintain a dictionary handy! This Word comprises the capacity to produce what it says. The essay isn't the simplest task to master. Though the novel does present distinct themes, silen ce and voice are believed to be among the themes which are widely studied. To begin with, the story occurs at the very start of the 20th century. Set a central subject of the novel. I will offer classic proofs on the presence of a supreme power over humanity and leave you to produce your conclusions. Absolutely free Eyes Watching God essay samples are offered on FreeEssayHelp with no payment or registration. The pear tree is 1 element of nature within this chapter. Attempt to use the perspective of an individual from Eatonville, not your own. The Good, the Bad and Their Eyes Were Watching God Essay Topics The majority of them are pretty much the very same, just some minor variations. Most significantly, take note that you may make the incorrect selection. There are lots of, many methods to masturbate. Is it true that the lifestyle aficionado.

Wednesday, May 6, 2020

Effect of Text Messaging on Teen Age Students Free Essays

string(54) " a trend which is followed because of its popularity\." SINHGAD TECHNICAL INSTITUTES CAMPUS SINHGAD INSTITUTE OF MANAGEMENT A Study on impact of text messaging on teen age students Prepared by Rambhu kumar(11) Komal jaiswal(15) Pankaj kakani(17) Sukirti keswani(18) Nitin maske(19) Introduction 1 See it? Hear it? Take it! This is still the mantra of many schools across the country that succinctly summarizes the policy concerning cell phones in schools; in essence, they are banned. Yet, most teenagers are nearly inseparable from their cell phones, not because they are constantly talking, but because they are connecting with their friends through text messaging. As a phenomenon, this was originally unprecedented and unpredicted, especially because text messaging capabilities were designed strictly for mobile phone companies to communicate with their customers. We will write a custom essay sample on Effect of Text Messaging on Teen Age Students or any similar topic only for you Order Now Teenagers, digital natives born into a world rich in technology who take ubiquitous computing for granted, tend to lead the way with most technologies, and text messaging is no different. The popularity of text messaging has placed people in positive and negative situations. On the positive side, text messaging is utilized as a source of information and reminders. Even the parents get to learn about it from their kids’ . Whereas on the negative side, teenagers are easily distracted at school. Instead of paying attention in classes, students are texting away. I’ve seen this happen a lot in college. Especially in high schools, this leads to falling grades, and poor report cards. Some kids are up late messaging their friends, which experts believe could have a significant impact on sleep. What are some of the effects that texting is having on teen age students? That is the question that our group explores in this paper. We conduct surveys and take a look at scholarly and periodical articles, looking to find some of the effects that the modern day texting phenomenon is causing. We examine the impacts that texting is making on our language and writing skills, the impacts on teenagers and their social lives, and the dangers of texting and driving. Review of Literature2,3 Through a review of literature from diverse disciplines and both scholarly and popular media, we examine two questions: 1. How are teenagers using text messaging in their everyday lives? 2. How can text messaging be used in educational settings? Mode of Inquiry Modern cellular phones have countless applications that allow them to act not only as mobile phones but also as music, video, and game players, cameras, global positioning systems, and devices that provide access to the Internet and a host of applications. For this particular analysis, the focus is strictly on teenagers and young adults (ages 11- 21) using the short message service (SMS), or text messaging capabilities. It does not include the use of SMS to post to Facebook, Twitter, or other social networking sites, as that would require the receiver to have access to Internet to read such messages or post replies. Teen Use of Text Messaging Reasons for Use Teenagers have adopted text messaging as their primary form of text-based communication, preferring it even over e-mail (Lenhart, 2009); there are several reasons for the popularity of text messaging. First, it is quicker; adolescents have found that by texting, they can forego the normal chit-chat involved in phone conversations. One teen stated that even for a quick question, you’d have to go through the niceties of greetings and spend time talking about other things (Faulkner ; Culwin, 2005). Text messaging is also cheaper, because messages are generally charged by the message, not the word count. In contrast, the cost of a phone conversation varies as it is charged by the minute. Also, the location of sender/receiver does not affect the charge. Many teenagers pay their own mobile phone bills, and pay-as-you-go plans allow them to budget more accurately (Faulkner ; Culwin, 2005). Finally, many teens state that text messaging is more convenient. Phones can be switched to silent mode, so they do not disturb others, and allows texting to be done surreptitiously and away from parents or teachers (Grinter ; Eldrige, 2001). E-mail is the preferred mode of communication for school or work, but when teenagers want something that is fast, immediate, and can be done anywhere – texting is preferred (Lev-Ram, 2006). For teenagers, the cell phone is almost always with the person, so it is constantly accessible. Being small and silent, the cell phone is easily transported and used furtively under the supervision of authority, as compared to email, which requires a computer (Thurlow, 2003). Many teenagers have reported that they share a computer with family members or that it is in a common area of the home so instant messaging and email can be observed (Faulkner ; Culwin, 2005). In addition, because the phone displays both text and sender, the user can choose when and if to respond to a message and has time to compose an appropriate response. Girls, in particular, often invite others to help them compose their responses (Faulkner ; Culwin, 2005). Reid and Reid (2004) have also theorized that another part of the attractiveness of texting is the visual anonymity it seems to afford, especially for socially anxious people, as the texter does not need to see/hear the recipient. In addition, it provides almost perpetual contact for those who are lonely. Lohnes Watulak (2010), drawing on the work of Thurlow (2003) and Clark (2005), sites the desire for constant contact as a significant reason for undergraduate students to text during class, even if they acknowledge that that texting is rude and the content is trivial. Need for study With general overview of today’s society, cell phones are becoming a modern day necessity among teenagers. The reason why they are in so much demand is because of text messaging which is the most popular mode of communication these days. The need to study this particular topic is to find out the impact of this mode of communication on teenagers, both positive and negative. And also to see whether it is actually a necessity or just a trend which is followed because of its popularity. You read "Effect of Text Messaging on Teen Age Students" in category "Papers" In this research we are also going analyse the future impacts of text messaging on teenagers. How mobile companies are using the increased use of text messaging to their advantage is also discussed in this research project. Statement of problem There have been many ill effects on education pattern of students, because of these text messaging phenomena. The institutions are finding it hard to cope with this habit of teenagers as it is leading to a lot of distraction and also parents are worried because of falling grades of their kids. The biggest issue of all is that student are not ready to detach themselves from their mobile phone. That’s why even if institutes and parents come up with a solution to the problem, it is next to impossible to implement it. Objectives 1. To understand the habits of teenage students regarding text messaging. 2. The impact of text messaging on the text messaging on teenage students (positive and negative). 3. To understand and analyze the usage of mobile phones during class hours. 4. To understand the extent to mobile usage for communication among teen age students. 5. To understand whether prefer normal messaging or online messaging. Hypothesis . Teen age students knows about various applications used for messaging. 2. Text messaging has various effects on teen age groups. Research Design and Methodology4 Sampling Design Sampling is process of taking sample from large population. We have design questionnaire and on the basis of this questionnaire we have collected the data from school and colleges. Sources and Methods of Data collection We prepared a questionnaire containing total of 14 questions in definite order. The teenagers have to give answers of questions of questionnaire. 100 tudents from a Sinhgad Institute were used as participants in this research. These participants were selected randomly. Methods of Analysis and Statistical Tools We have collected data from 100 samples and used chi-square method, SPSS software, excel. Facts and finings Q. 1) you communicate with your friends and known people by 1) Text messaging 2) Messaging through net 3) Messaging through landline 4) Call through mobile 1) 36% 2) 30% 3) 4% 4) 30% Q. 2) How frequently you communicate with mobile messaging? 1) Daily 2) Sometime 3) One’s in week 4) One’s in month 5) No ) 47% 2) 33% 3) 6% 4) 5% 6) 9% Q. 3) How often you recharge your message packs? 1) One’s in week 2) One’s in month 3) Twice in month 4 ) Others 5)No 1) 15% 2) 40% 3) 17% 4) 13% 5) 15% Q. 4) Are you satisfied with your mobile text messaging for effective communication with your frien d circle? 1) Fully satisfied 2) Less satisfied 3) Moderate 4) No 1) 47% 2) 14% 3) 24% 4) 15% Q. 5) Do you enjoy text messaging communication through mobile phone? 1) Sometimes 2) Every time 3) No 1) 54% 2) 8% 3) 38% Q. 6) Do you keep sending messaging even during class hours? ) Sometimes 2) Every time 3) No 4) Only in emergency 1) 54% 2) 8% 3) 38% Q. 7) Do you think it is good to use mobile phone during class hours? 1) Sometimes 2) Every time 3) No 1) 54% 2) 8% 3) 38% Q. 8) Does your school allow use of mobile phones generally? 1) Sometimes 2) Every time 3) No 1) 43% 2) 9% 3) 48% Q. 9) According to you what are the advantages of text messaging? 1) Sharing information 2) Cheaper way of communication 3) Quick way of communication 4) No effect 1) 26% 2) 30% 3) 40% 4) 4% Q. 10) According to you what are the disadvantages of text messaging? )Spelling mistakes ; Grammatical mistake 2) Copying 3) Morphing 4) Wastage of time due to messaging 5) Sometime effect on IQ level 6) No effect 7) Ot hers if any(Specify)- 1) 34% 2) 27% 3) 15% 4) 7% 5) 7% 6) 10 Q. 11) Does it disturb your concentration during classrooms? 1) Fully 2) Partly 3) Not at all 1) 14% 2) 40% 3) 46% Q. 12) Does it affect your study after school hours 1) Fully 2) Partly 3) Not at all 1) 23% 2) 19% 3) 58% Q. 13) According to you which mobile operator is popular? 1) Vodafone 2) Airtel 3) Idea 4) Others (Specify)- 1) 41% 2) 20% 3) 18% 4)21 Q. 4) during which time you prefer to text? 1) Some specific time 2) Spare time 3) before class hours 4) After class hours 5) every time 1) 35% 2) 22% 3) 4% 4)7% 5)32% Scope and Limitation of the study Significant research has been conducted on text messaging among teen age students of SIT and how their personal as well as school life is affected because of it. We also analysed negative effect on teenagers and to what extent it has done bad to students. Further we studied about some positive effects of texting and how it helped them knowledge sharing and cost savings. 1. Wh at role does and should text messaging have in school? . What impact does long term use of texting have on youth literacies? 3. Can text messaging increases student’s reading and writing abilities in ways not currently addressed through traditional means? 4. Can text messaging reminders increases student participation and achievement without aggravating the already prevalent digital device and teacher workloads? 5. If cell phones become an accepted educational tool like calculators, will the dire predictions of increased distraction and poor language use come true or will cell phones become as common-place as overhead projectors and what are the implications of this? Conclusion Cell phones have become a modern day necessity, to the point that they are a must have for every teenager. Teenagers are getting increasingly attached to these devices, depending on them more and more for their communication with their friends or family. About 80% of teenager’s text on a daily basis. Many of the people I surveyed  received their first phone between the ages 11- 15. They also started texting as  young as 11 and as old as 17. Teens have created a whole new language through  texting which researchers refer to as short message service (SMS) language or  texts. Everyday  students are adding words to the language. Some of the SMS language some believe texting has a negative effect, positive effect, or does not have an effect at  all. Through our research we analysed that texting had some impact like students could share information and other important notices. Also it has proved to be a less expensive mode of communication and parents also got to learn from their kids. Whereas there are numerous negative effects like the grammar of the students is affected to a great extent. Also students have started using short forms for words to save space and time. Another big risk is Morphing and sending unwanted pictures of girls which leads to big scandals. It has even lead to bad psychological impact on students. Irrespective of above mentioned effects students find it very important these days to have a cell phone and to them it is more of a blessing then a curse. Bibliography 1. http://en. wikipedia. org/wiki/Teen_Age_Message 2. http://www. academia. edu/1156350/Text_Messaging_and_Teenagers_A_Review_of_the_Literature 3. http://www. studymode. com/subjects/literature-review-on-the-effect-of-text-messaging-on-literacy-skill-page1. html 4. C. R. Kothari Research methodology Methods and Techniques 2nd edition, New age international publishers. How to cite Effect of Text Messaging on Teen Age Students, Papers

Wednesday, April 29, 2020

Romeo And Juliet Story Essays (847 words) - , Term Papers

Romeo And Juliet Story To start with, we can see that the general situation is rather like a clan or tribal conflict. Such conflict can lead to social disorder, bloodshed or even death. It all start with the conflict between the two households. Later on in the play, at Act II, Scene 2 - the party scene, Romeo and Juliet meet and fell immediately in love and they shared a sonnet together. This is just a matter of fate and chance. The play is in a climax after Romeo and Juliet decided to get married the next day after they meet at Juliet's balcony that night. Romeo's happiness after the marriage is contrasted with Tybalt's appearance which cause Mercutio's death, Tybalt's death, Romeo's banishment and all the tragedy to happen. While Romeo was banished, Juliet is there, in her own house, hoping that Romeo will be there tonight to consummate their marriage. Romeo was in Friar's cell, feeling very helpless and despair, as he could not go to see Juliet tonight and he must leave for Mantua immediate because of his banishment. The Nurse brought back bad news of Romeo's banishment and Tybalt's death. At first, Juliet was devastated as she misunderstood Romeo is the one who is killed by Tybalt. But after further questioning, Juliet then realized that Tybalt is the one who is died, not Romeo. She felt relieved. Friar finally agree to let Romeo go to the Capulet's place that night. But ONLY with a disguise. They shared their passion that night. Sadly, Romeo must leave Juliet for Mantua the next morning. Juliet was forced to marry Paris. She didn't want to marry him, and with Friar's help, she drank a potion which would cause her to 'die' for 72 hours. On that day, Friar tried to inform Romeo about the plan, but his letter did not reach him. Instead Romeo receive the unpleasant news from Balthasar. Romeo then went to Juliet's tomb, he killed Paris, he drank the poison, and when Juliet woke up, she killed herself, and die too. THE STORY In the late 1500's, in Verona, Italy. There were two really powerful families, the Montagues and the Capulets, who had been enemies for almost decades. One day, the head of household of the Capulet family, which is Juliet's father, decides to throw a party and to invite all the relatives and friends of the Capulet. Being the feuding family, the Montages, of course was not invited. Romeo, as the Montages, planned to get a look at a young girl, Rosaline, who he was pursuing then. Therefore he disguised himself in a party clothes and secretly slips into the party. Once he went inside, he saw no Rosaline, instead he saw an attractive girl --- Juliet. His attention was immediately stolen by the attractive girl he saw. He fell in love instantly. But after that, when Romeo found out that Juliet was a Capulet, and vice versa, they both feel very disappointed. That night, Romeo secretly crept into the garden of the Capulet so as to hope to catch a glimpse of Juliet. Juliet was standing on her balcony, confessing her forbidden love to the stars. Romeo heard her confession and he stepped out from the bush which he was hiding in. Romeo admits his strong feelings to Juliet and plans to marry her secretly the next day with the help of his friend, Friar Laurence. On the wedding day, both of Romeo's friends, Benvolio and Mercutio was confronted by Juliet's cousin, Tybalt, while walking down the streets in Verona. Tybalt was there to get Romeo. When he couldn't find him, he started fighting with Benvolio and Mercutio. After that, Romeo shows up but he didn't want to fight with Tybalt because he's already married to Juliet. One of his friend Mercutio, saw that Romeo did not stand up for himself and couldn't understand it. So Mercutio stepped out to fight for him. But he was killed. Romeo couldn't control his anger anymore. So as to avenge the death of his friend, Romeo kills Tybalt. The prince of Verona then banishes Romeo away from Juliet, to another town, Mantua. Not knowing Juliet's marriage to Romeo, Juliet's father, the old Capulet, decided to marry his daughter to a young man named Paris. Not knowing what to do, Juliet consults Friar Laurence. He told her to agree to the marriage, but in the morning of her wedding day, she will drink a potion specially made by Friar Laurence to her. The potion will

Friday, March 20, 2020

Apophenia †Filling the Blanks

Apophenia - Filling the Blanks Apophenia Filling the Blanks Apophenia Filling the Blanks By Maeve Maddox Readers comments on What Does [Sic] Mean? point up the curious feature of the human mind that infuses meaning into the meaningless. I always thought it was an abbreviation for â€Å"Spelling Is Correct.† I think I read on this site that someone believed â€Å"sic† to stand for â€Å"said in context†. I had previously thought it was an acronym for â€Å"Spelled InCorrectly†. This type of fill-in-the-blanks reasoning is at work in elaborate conspiracy theories and when someone sees the face of Jesus in a tortilla. The tendency to find meaning in the partially-known is called apophenia: finding meaning or patterns where none exist. Unfamiliar with the source of the notation [sic], readers make use of the letters and the context to create something that makes sense to them. We all fall into this kind of fallacious reasoning at some time or another. Uncomfortable in a new situation, we hear laughter and are certain that the people are laughing at us. The narrative of the movie A Beautiful Mind revolves around the protagonists apophenic beliefs. For those of us who write fiction, some aspect of apophenia must be at work when we spin whole narratives out of a chance remark or the glimpse of an oddly-dressed person on a train. The human mind craves meaning. We look at our lives and see a meaningful narrative. We find evidence for beliefs that other people find preposterous. If you browse the Wikipedia articles that stem from the one on apophenia, youll find several types of this kind of thinking. One type is called Mortons Demon, named by Glenn R. Morton to explain what was at work in his mind when he believed in a widely-held theory he no longer believes in. Morton entered the study of physics believing firmly in creationist theory. His study of geology changed his belief. He then gave a name to the type of reasoning that had enabled him to believe in a theory with insufficient physical evidence: Mortons demon stands at the gateway of a persons senses and lets in facts that agree with that persons beliefs while deflecting those that do not. With a national election only days away, were being hammered with all kinds of assertions about the candidates. Its probably a good time for voters to watch out for apophenia in their thinking. Want to improve your English in five minutes a day? Get a subscription and start receiving our writing tips and exercises daily! Keep learning! Browse the Vocabulary category, check our popular posts, or choose a related post below:20 Great Similes from Literature to Inspire YouHang, Hung, HangedIs "Number" Singular or Plural?

Wednesday, March 4, 2020

So you didn’t get the jobâ€now what

So you didn’t get the job- now what In the course of your job search, you’ve probably come across someone who talks about how they lucked into some great opportunity, clicked with an interviewer right away, and basically walked away with a job offer on the spot. And you probably hate that person a little, especially if you’ve experienced what just about all of us have at some point: a rejection after going through the application process. Let’s face it: that rejection always stings, even if you know you weren’t a good fit or you didn’t have a good interview. Thinking you may not get a job and the confirmation of that fact feel like two different things. So how do you cope after you get the call, email, or deafening silence that confirms the worst?Mourn it a little, but then move on.This is a disappointment. It’s okay to embrace that, but it’s really not worth wallowing for too long. Whether you were the next choice on the list or dead last in the rankings, the end result is the same, so why dwell? Even if you had your heart set on this new gig and envisioned yourself getting that sweet, sweet offer letter, you can’t let the disappointment derail your progress in your job hunt.Don’t expect specific intel on why you weren’t hired.Unless you’re told directly that they didn’t hire you for X reason, you’re probably never going to know for sure exactly why you lost out on this job. Don’t look for closure from the company, because you might be disappointed in what you get. If you ask for specific feedback, you may get it, but it’s just as likely you’ll get a response like, â€Å"we decided to go in a different direction.†Remember that it doesn’t mean you’re un-hireable.It can be tempting to personalize the decision. Why didn’t they want to hire ME? What did I do to make this happen? Chances are, it wasn’t you, personally, who triggered the rejection. Maybe so meone else had a few more experience points or aced the interview. Just because this particular company decided not to hire you does not mean you’re fundamentally flawed as a candidate or that it will affect your chances on your next application.Consider it a chance to regroup.Getting a rejection is a chance to take an honest look at what happened at every step of the process (review your resume, reflect on the interview) and decide what you can improve for next time. It can make you leaner and meaner, and ready for the next job to come along. Were you as prepared as you could have been? Did the interview go well or were there things you’d change? Can your resume be more targeted and reflective of your top skills? These are important questions to ask after any job rejection.Not getting the job is also a chance to think about what your job search goals are. Did you really want this job? Do you want to continue looking for this specific kind of job after all? The bottom line is that this is a good chance to re-evaluate yourself- both as a potential employee and as a job seeker.After any job rejection, it’s important to remember that it’s not the end of the world. It’s a letdown for sure, but for whatever reason, this job just wasn’t right. At some point, the stars will align, and you’ll find an employer who thinks you’re a perfect match for their job opening. Don’t lose your motivation or your faith in yourself- see it as an opportunity to learn from the experience and move on to the next thing.

Sunday, February 16, 2020

Biology Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words - 1

Biology - Essay Example However, this has been widely criticized as there are new illnesses associated with the gastrointestinal tract and digestive system, which has caused a rise in the level of such diseases across the nation (Genetic Roullete, n.p.). Genetic modifications have been known to be carried out without the awareness of both the FDA and the general public which raises questions on the safety of such products. Furthermore, companies have been known to put these products on to the market without alerting the public. This has been criticized due to the fact that these modifications are rarely put under intensive testing despite the adverse effects that have been associated with genetically modified foods. Such effects include infertility, change in structure of the liver and susceptibility of the individual’s digestive system to various diseases. Another area that makes this a worrying issue is the nature of genetic modifications which results in every cell of the organism possessing the m odified toxins which the human digestive system has not adapted to or developed mechanisms of digesting. Furthermore, these toxins are poorly excreted and damage the liver, and in cases of pregnant women can cross the placenta and lead to several complications with the pregnancy or the child in the near future (Genetic Roullete, n.p.). Such foods are not part of the natural system; hence, the body is likely to develop allergic responses after their consumption. The introduction of genetically modified food has led to an increase in the number of allergies and individuals in modern times are now developing allergies to basic food commodities such as parsley or regular vegetables which were previously considered as part of a healthy diet. These allergic responses to genetically modified food lead to the disruption in normal functioning of the immune system. Hence, individuals also develop immune responses when they consume foods of a similar nature even if they are not modified, resul ting in the necessity of dietary alterations. The harmful effects of modified foods is not just a myth as children and individuals who have been diagnosed with several diseases of the digestive system have shown 100% recovery after they change to consuming an organic diet. In addition, research on mice has shown that they become infertile after injection with genetically modified food, they also present with change in organ structure and they decrease in size with every generation. The question however rises why this research is frequently ignored and is never followed up. When this food is introduced to chicken embryos, it has fatal effects within a few hours, which shows the potential damage it could have to pregnant women (Genetic Roullete, n.p.). Specialists have stated the danger associated with genetically modified food as it is a potential threat due to the fact that it creates several genetic mutations in the DNA. Furthermore, these mutations are further transferred to the f ollowing generations. This could lead to a new generation which is susceptible to several illnesses, including infertility. Hence, this has been considered a case of emergency due to the fact that the population might not be able to sustain itself in the near future. In addition, genetically modifying crops leads to a cycle of nutrition deficiency that leads all the way from the plants to the livestock and to the humans. The process of modifying crops has also been found to increase the number of mortalities among cattle and other livestock. Removal of

Monday, February 3, 2020

Effects of social media on the real estate industry Essay

Effects of social media on the real estate industry - Essay Example Social media also represents enormous changes perspective for businesses. For most individuals, buying a home is a thing done once after ten years at most. Selling of real estates is the kind of business benefiting from constant streams of new prospects (Crowston, K., & Wigand, 1999). Social media enables real estate agents to build the reputation of their business. This enables them in attracting new clients. Moreover, social media enables them in networking in the real estate industry (Wigand, 2003).Social media makes it easy to reach out to more individuals but it does not assure that these individuals will purchase from you (Huertas, 2012). A business needs to work on still setting up its social media framework. After doing so, the business needs to work more until it gets the needed results. Knowing how to use social media needs a period of engaging more on hands giving a business the idea of how social media can assist it in succeeding given the problems faced by the business.I n conclusion, social media has made it informal and quicker for real estate agents to connect with their clients. It has given them a way of engaging individuals in their precise area and allowing them to inform their clients.Additionally, social media helps real estate agents to constantly post new releases and engage daily by responding timeously to their clients and potential buyers. It is clearly seen that social media has enabled real estate agents to build good relationships with prospective home buyers.

Saturday, January 25, 2020

Literature Review: Smoking And Coronary Artery Disease

Literature Review: Smoking And Coronary Artery Disease Cigarette smoking highly boosts the risk of coronary artery disease (CAD), and the associated risk is particularly high in subjects with diabetes mellitus (DM) (Mà ¼hlhauser, 1994). The prevalence of smoking worldwide is one and quarter billion adult smokers, 10% of them reside within South East Asian countries. Smoking prevalence in these countries is a range from 12.6% to 40% in Singapore and Laos, respectively. Malaysia is recording 21% adult current smokers (Southeast Asia Tobacco Control Alliance (SEATCA), 2008). Cigarette smoking is estimated to cause more than five million deaths, making it the leading cause of preventable mortality worldwide (Peto et al., 1996). Atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and lung cancer consider the three relevant causes of smoking related mortality (Centers for Disease Control Prevention, 2008). It has well known that cigarette smoking increases the risk of microvascular complications in DM (ie, nep hropathy, retinopathy, and neuropathy) probably by its metabolic effects (worsening diabetes control and insulin resistance) in combination with increased inflammation and endothelial dysfunction. It appears to be stronger in type 1 diabetic patients, while the enhanced risk for macrovascular complications, coronary heart disease (CHD), stroke, and peripheral vascular disease, is most pronounced in type 2 diabetic patients (Eliasson, 2003, Haire-Joshu et al., 1999, Solberg et al., 2004). Smoking cessation can safely and cost effectively be recommended for all patients, and it is a gold standard against which other preventive behaviors should be evaluated. Stopping smoking at any age has a considerable impact on improving life expectancy, reducing morbidity and reducing health care costs associated with treating smoking related conditions (Asaria et al., 2007, Ward, 2008), but effective strategies are lacking cessation support (Everett and Kessler, 1997). There are several treatment interventions have been identified as essential to achieve cessation. These interventions include brief counseling by multiple health care providers, use of individual or group counseling strategies, and use of pharmacotherapy (Haire-Joshu et al., 1999). Smoking cessation medicines are among the most cost-effective disease prevention interventions available (Fiore, 2000). There are several types of them assist in smoking cessation are available. (Wu et al., 2006). The 2008 update to Treating Tobacco Use and Dependence, a Public Health Service-sponsored Clinical Practice Guideline Panel identified seven first-line (FDA-approved) medications (bupropion SR, nicotine gum, nicotine inhaler, nicotine lozenge, nicotine nasal spray, nicotine patch, and varenicline) and two second-line (non-FDA-approved for tobacco use treatment) medications (clonidine and nortriptyline) as being effective for treating smokers (Fiore et al., 2008). The most commonly used formulation is nicotine replacement therapy (NRT). It reduces motivation to smoke and many of physiological and psychomotor withdrawal symptoms usually experienced during an attempt to quit smoking, and therefore, may increase the likelihood of remaining abstinent (Gourlay and McNeil, 1990, W est and Shiffman, 2001). NRT is currently recommended as a safe intervention to general populations and higher-risk groups, including pregnant and breastfeeding women, adolescents, and smokers with cardiovascular disease (National Institute for Health and Clinical Excellence (NICE), 2008). Systematic reviews show that all forms of NRT have been proven to be effective (Fiore et al., 2008) and it increase quit rate one and a half to two fold in comparison with placebo. There are many studies provide good evidence that smoking cessation pharmacotherapy enhance the success of quit smoking attempt (Cahill et al., 2008, Fiore et al., 2008, Hughes et al., 2007, Stead et al., 2008). Unfortunately, there are insufficient evidences to recommend one delivery system over another. Literature review This review will cover the aims of this research. Globally, it was estimated that there are about 1.3 billion smokers, half of whom will die from smoking-related diseases (Shafey et al., 2009). While in Malaysia, the Third National Health and Morbidity Survey has reported some decline in smoking statistics among general population (18 years and above) in Malaysia with an overall smoking rate of 21.5%; male and female smoking rates of 46.4% and 1.6%, respectively (Ministry of Health, 2006). To our knowledge, there is limited information about the prevalence of smoking among diabetes mellitus patients, but it seems to be mirror to general population, at least for young adults. Findings from the national Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System show that the prevalence of smoking in young adults with diabetes mellitus is similar to the prevalence in the general population (Ford et al., 2004). Other study in the United States found the age-adjusted prevalence of smoking was 27.3% and 2 5.9% among people with and without diabetes, respectively. The prevalence of smoking did not differ significantly between participants in both groups when they were stratified by age, sex, race, or education (Ford et al., 1994). Few studies examined the prevalence of tobacco use with diabetic patients, information that is critical for targeting prevention efforts. There is no estimated prevalence for smoking in diabetes mellitus patients in Malaysia. Few studies was conducted about the knowledge and awareness of diabetic patients towards smoking cessation and its pharmacotherapies. There is a survey done in the United Kingdom to investigate awareness of pharmacotherapeutic aids to smoking cessation in diabetic cigarette smokers. A structured questionnaire-based interview was held by research nurse individually with current smokers in a private room. Of 597 diabetic patients attending a routine clinic, one hundred diabetic patients were current smokers. The majority of them were type 2 diabetic patients (96%). There were 66% and 54% had heard about NRT and bupropion, respectively. Those who had heard about NRT, only 49% considered it safe with diabetes, while who knew of bupropion 39% thought it unsafe in diabetic patients. Approximately 84% were aware of the UK National Health Service (NHS) quit line, but only 8% had used it. The authors conclude that this subpopulation has poor knowledge and awareness of NRT and bupropion as aid s to quit smoking (Gill et al., 2005). A qualitative study done in the United States, aimed to investigate beliefs about cigarette smoking and smoking cessation among Urban African Americans with Type 2 Diabetes. Focus groups and a short survey were used to assess cigarette use patterns, perceived smoking health effects, preferences for treatment, and attitudes toward smoking cessation among this subpopulation. Twenty five participants were included in this study. The mean age was (SD) 48.5 years ( ±10.23), 60% female, smoked 20.9( ±12.54) cigarettes per day. Regarding the beliefs and knowledge about smoking and diabetes, Participants believed that smoking increased their risk for all health outcomes, though there was not a clear understanding of how. Furthermore, they believed smoking decreased their appetite and quitting smoking makes you gain weight, and that it would negatively affect diabetes. Regarding beliefs and opinions about stopping most participants desired to quit and believed it was important t o quit, but were not motivated to quit or confident they could achieve cessation (Janet L. Thomas et al., 2009). Another study established in the United States, aimed to assess what smokers believe about the health risks of smoking and the effects of smoking filtered and low-tar cigarettes, as well as their awareness of and interest in trying so-called reduced risk tobacco products and nicotine medications. It was conducted between May and September 2001. They gathered data on demographic characteristics, tobacco use behaviors, awareness and use of nicotine medications, beliefs about the health risks of smoking, content of smoke and design features of cigarettes, and the safety and efficacy of nicotine medications. The findings of this study showed a substantial percentage of respondents either answered incorrectly or responded dont know to questions about health risks of smoking (39%), content of cigarette smoke (53%), safety of nicotine (52%), low-tar cigarettes and filtered cigarettes (65%), additives in cigarettes (56%), and nicotine medications (56%). The smokers characteristics most commo nly associated with misleading information when all six indices were combined into a summary index were as follows: those aged 45 years or older, smokers of ultra-light cigarettes, smokers who believe they will stop smoking before they experience a serious health problem caused by smoking, smokers who have never used a stop-smoking medication, and smokers with a lower education level. Those who believed they would stop smoking in the next year were more knowledgeable about smoking. The authors conclude that smokers are misinformed about many aspects of the cigarettes they smoke and stop smoking medications (Cummings et al., 2004). Unfortunately, there is a dearth of information on the efficacy of smoking cessation pharmacotherapies in diabetic patients because large-scale studies involving this group do not report results separately for them. Additionally, there are few direct head to head comparison studies among them in this subgroup population. In an open-label, randomized trial conducted in Belgium, France, the Netherlands, the United Kingdom, and the United States, compared varenicline with transdermal NRT for smoking cessation. Participants were randomized to receive either 12 weeks of varenicline or 10 weeks of transdermal NRT (Aubin et al., 2008). The primary end point was continuous abstinence rate (CAR) during the last 4 weeks of each treatment. Secondary end points were CARs from the last 4 weeks of treatment through weeks 24 and 52 and the 7-day point prevalence of abstinence assessed at the end of treatment, week 24, and week 52. The Minnesota Nicotine Withdrawal Scale (MNWS) and The modified Cigarette Evaluation Questionnaire (mCEQ) measures of craving, withdrawal, and smoking satisfaction were assessed at baseline and at each weekly visit through week 7 (or at early termination). Data were analyzed in both the prespecified primary analysis population (all randomized participants who received at least 1 dose of study drug: 376 varenicline, 370 NRT) and the all-randomized population (378 varenicline, 379 NRT). CARs were significantly higher in the last 4 weeks of treatment of varenicline group compared with NRT group (55.6% vs 42.2%, respectively; Odds ratio (OR) = 1.76; 95% CI, 1.31-2.36; P < 0.001). At week 24, there was no significant difference in CARs (32.2% and 26.6%; OR = 1.33; 95% CI, 0.97- 1.82). At week 52, CARs were not significantly higher for varenicline over to NRT in the primary analysis population, although the difference in CARs remain significant through week 52 in all-randomized population analysis (25.9% vs. 19.8%; OR = 1.44; 95% CI, 1.02-2.03; P = 0.04). The 7-day point prevalence of abstinence at week 12 was significantly higher for varenicline compared with NRT (62.0% vs 47.0%, respectively; OR = 1.71; 95% CI, 1.27-2.30; P < 0.001). The d ifferences in 7-day point prevalence of abstinence were not significant at week 24 or week 52. For weeks 1 through 7, the average scores of MNWS and mCEQ for cravings, withdrawal symptoms, and the reinforcing effects of smoking were significantly lower with varenicline compared with NRT (all population analysis, P à ¢Ã¢â‚¬ °Ã‚ ¤ 0.001). Varenicline group had significantly lower MNWS subscale scores for negative affect and restlessness compared with NRT (both, P < 0.001); there was no difference between varenicline and NRT in the subscale scores for increased appetite or insomnia. A guideline Treating Tobacco Use and Dependence: 2008 Update is a product of the Tobacco Use and Dependence Guideline Panel. This guideline contains strategies and recommendations designed to assist clinicians; tobacco dependence treatment specialists; and health care administrators, insurers, and purchasers in delivering and supporting effective treatments for tobacco use and dependence (Fiore et al., 2008). A meta-analysis displayed the effectiveness of the first-line smoking cessation medications compared with placebo at 6 months post-quit. They determined the estimated abstinence rate and odds ratio at 6 months post-quit (95% CI) compared with placebo estimated abstinence rate of 13.8% and estimated odds ratio of 1.0. Varenicline had the highest estimated abstinence rate and odds ratio (33.2% and 3.1), while nicotine gum had the lowest estimated abstinence rate and odds ratio (19.0% and 1.5). Another multicenter, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial compared the efficacy and safety of varenicline with placebo for smoking cessation in 714 smokers with stable cardiovascular disease that had been diagnosed for > 2 months. Participants received either varenicline (1 mg twice daily) or placebo at ratio 1:1, along with smoking-cessation counseling, for 12 weeks. Follow-up lasted 52 weeks. The primary end point was carbon monoxide-confirmed CAR for last 4 weeks of treatment. The secondary outcomes were the CAR from week 9 through 52; CAR for weeks 9 to 24 and 7-day point prevalence of tobacco abstinence at weeks 12 (end of drug treatment), 24, and 52. The CAR was higher for varenicline than placebo during weeks 9 through 12 (47.0% versus 13.9%; odds ratio, 6.11; 95% CI, 4.18 to 8.93) and weeks 9 through 52 (19.2% versus 7.2%; odds ratio, 3.14; 95% CI, 1.93 to 5.11). The varenicline and placebo groups did not differ significantly in cardiovascular mortality (0.3% ve rsus 0.6%; difference, _0.3%; 95% CI, _1.3 to 0.7), all-cause mortality (0.6% versus 1.4%; difference, _0.8%; 95% CI, _2.3 to 0.6), cardiovascular events (7.1% versus 5.7%; difference, 1.4%; 95% CI, _2.3 to 5.0) (Rigotti et al., 2010). Nides and his colleagues conducted a multicenter, double-blind, placebo-controlled, trial to evaluate the efficacy and tolerability of three varenicline doses in adult smokers. Bupropion hydrochloride was included as an active control. Participants were randomized to receive varenicline 0.3 mg once daily, varenicline 1 mg once daily, varenicline 1 mg BID, bupropion SR 150 mg BID, or placebo for 7 weeks, with the option of participation in follow-up through week 52. The varenicline groups received active drug for 6 weeks, followed by placebo for 1 week. The primary efficacy outcome in this study was CAR for any 4-week period from baseline through week 7. Secondary efficacy outcomes involved the 4-week CAR for weeks 4 through 7, 4 through 12, 4 through 24, and 4 through 52; cravings and withdrawal symptoms, assessed using the MNWS and the brief Questionnaire of Smoking Urges (QSU-brief); reinforcing effects of smoking, assessed using the mCEQ; and changes in body weight (Nides et al., 2006). The findings of this study presented that the patients treated with varenicline (except of those who received varenicline 0.3 mg once daily) or bupropion SR had significantly higher CARs for any 4 weeks compared with placebo (P < 0.001 and P = 0.002, respectively). The CARs for any 4 weeks were 48.0% for varenicline 1 mg BID (OR = 4.71; P < 0.001), 37.3% for varenicline 1 mg once daily (OR = 2.97; P < 0.001), 33.3% for bupropion SR (OR = 2.53; P=.002), and 17.1% for placebo. No statistical comparison was performed between the varenicline and bupropion SR groups. Only varenicline 1 mg BID was significantly more efficacious than placebo throughout the entire follow-up period (P à ¢Ã¢â‚¬ °Ã‚ ¤ 0.01). Varenicline 0.3 mg once daily and varenicline 1 mg once daily were significantly more efficacious than placebo through week 7 (P à ¢Ã¢â‚¬ °Ã‚ ¤ 0.05), and bupropion SR was significantly more efficacious than placebo through week 12 (P à ¢Ã¢â‚¬ °Ã‚ ¤ 0.05). Scores on the MNWS and QSU-brief indicated reductions from baseline in cravings with varenicline 1 mg BID compared with placebo at each weekly time point during active treatment (week 2: P < 0.01; weeks 1 and 3-6: P < 0.001). Varenicline 1 mg BID was also associated with consistent improvements from baseline (the day before the TQD) to week 1 in scores on several subscales of the mCEQ compared with placebo, including satisfaction (mean change, -4.82; P < 0.05), enjoyment of respiratory tract sensations (mean change, -0.84; P < 0.05), and aversion (mean change, 0.82; P < 0.05). (The mCEQ was not used beyond week 1 of the active-treatment period.) There were no significant differences on any of the mCEQ measures between the lower doses of varenicline and placebo (Nides et al., 2006). Rationale/Justification Few studies examined the prevalence of tobacco use with diabetic patients, information that is critical for targeting prevention efforts. To our knowledge, there is no estimated prevalence for smoking in diabetes mellitus patients in Malaysia. Most people today recognize major health risks from smoking, but this general knowledge does not necessarily translate into a belief that one is personally at high risk of becoming seriously ill as a consequence of smoking. Furthermore, general awareness of health risks does not mean that people are adequately informed about smoking in ways that might influence their smoking behavior. Because the knowledge, beliefs, and preferences of smokers facilitate maximum receptivity to programs, these are important considerations when developing effective cessation interventions. Therefore, we will investigate smokers knowledge about the health risks of smoking and their awareness of nicotine medications. Unfortunately, there is a dearth of information on the efficacy of smoking cessation pharmacotherapies in diabetic patients because large-scale studies involving this group do not report results separately for them. Additionally, there are few direct head to head comparison studies among them in this subgroup population. Objectives General objectives Determine the prevalence of smoking among diabetic patients in outpatient clinic at General Hospital Penang. To investigate diabetic smokers knowledge about the health risks of smoking and their awareness of nicotine medications. To estimate direct head-to-head comparison between varnicline and nicotine patch regarding to their efficacy in smoking cessation. Specific objectives Determine the prevalence of smoking among diabetic patients. To assess the knowledge of diabetic smokers about the health risks of smoking and their awareness of nicotine medications. To compare between varenicline and NRT in the abstinence rate of smoking. To compare between varenicline and NRT in the cravings and withdrawal symptoms, assessed using the MNWS and QSU-brief. To compare between varenicline and NRT in the reinforcing effects of smoking, assessed using the mCEQ. To compare between varenciline and NRT in changes in body weight. Research Methodology Study design This study comprises different types of study design according to the different objectives. For estimating the prevalence of the smoking among DM patients, it will be achieved by review the medical records for all diabetic patients who attend the diabetic outpatient clinic during 2010. Besides assessing the smoking status, we will collect also specific demographic and diabetic-related data. Any medical records does not contain information about smoking status will be excluded. The second objective in investigating knowledge and awareness of diabetic smokers about the health risks of smoking, smoking cessation and smoking cessation pharmacotherapies, the study design it will be cross-sectional survey. All the diabetic smoker patients who attend the outpatient diabetic clinic at General Penang Hospital in 2011 will be invited to participate in the survey. The questionnaire will be either distributed or interviewed by the clinical staff. The questionnaire will be based on another study. More detailed information on how the survey was conducted can be found elsewhere (Cummings et al., 2004). The questionnaire will be divided to two sections involving: socio-demographic, tobacco-related and diabetes-specific health information; knowledge and awareness towards the health risks of smoking and their knowledge of smoking cessation and smoking cessation pharmacotherapies. The sociodemographic information will include (age, sex, race à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦ etc); diabetic-related information, it will contain: type of diabetes, type of diabetic treatment, duration of diabetes; while for smoking related information will involve: number of cigarettes smoking per day, age started smoking, duration of smoking, are there any attempt to stop smoking for any period of time, Are there other smokers in the household. To compare treatment effect of varenicline and nicotine patch in abstinence rate of smoking cessation for diabetic smoker patients and to investigate the impact of the smoking cessation on the diabetic control. The study design will be randomised, open-label, parallel group study. The participants will be randomized in a 1:1 ratio either to varenicline or nicotine patch treatments. Subject who will receive varenicline will administer 0.5 mg/day for 3 days, 0.5 mg twice daily for 4 days, then 1 mg twice daily thereafter. Full dosing was achieved by the target quit date (TQD) and continues up to 12 weeks. Participant who will receive nicotine patch applied transdermal patches each morning starting on the TQD for 10 weeks. Doses of NRT were 21 mg/day for the first 6 weeks, 14 mg/day for 3 weeks, then 7 mg/day for 3 weeks. We choose these two treatments (nicotine patch and varenicline) for several reasons. Nicotine patch is the most commonly used pharmacotherapy for smoking cessation (Burton et al., 2000, Pierce et al., 1995, West et al., 2001). Given that many smokers in general population use this treatment to quit smoking, it is important to determine treatment effect of other agents relative to the patch. Furthermore, recent data suggest that there is decline in the efficacy of nicotine patch over the previous 10 years (Irvin et al., 2003, Jorenby et al., 1999, Pierce and Gilpin, 2002). Varnecline is selected in this study because yet there is limited studies publish about the effectiveness of this treatment in the diabetic smoker population. Also, varnecline was found to be the highest efficacy in the 2008 PHS Guideline meta-analysis (odds ratio 3.1) comparing to placebo (Fiore et al., 2008). Finally, smokers could be encouraged to seek out this prescribed agent, and insurers and health care syste ms could be encouraged to make this treatment more widely available, if it could be demonstrated that varnecline is more efficacious than over-the-counter medication (such as nicotine patch). In this study we will collect three types of end points: efficacy, measuring of craving and withdrawal symptoms, and investigating the impact of smoking cessation on diabetic outcome. The primary outcome for efficacy in the study it will be self-reported CAR, confirm by exhaled CO levels of 6 ppm or below, during the last 4 weeks of treatment (varenicline and NRT, weeks 9-12 after TQD) The secondary is the CAR from the last 4 weeks of each treatment until 6 months. Other secondary outcomes are 7-day point prevalence of tobacco abstinence at weeks end of drug treatment and at 6 months. Continuous abstinence define as self-reported abstinence from any tobacco- or nicotine-containing product during the specific period and it will be verified by carbon monoxide (CO) level à ¢Ã¢â‚¬ °Ã‚ ¤ 10 ppm. If the CO level is more than 10 ppm will be classified as a smoker regardless of self-reported abstinence. Point prevalence abstinence define as self-reported abstinence from any tobacco- or nicotine-containing product in the past 7 days that was not contradicted by expired air CO > 10 ppm. These are traditional standards for assessing efficacy of smoking cessation interventions (Fiore et al., 2008, Hughes et al., 2003). The Minnesota Nicotine Withdrawal Scale (MNWS) (Cappelleri et al., 2005) will be used to assess urge to smoke, depressed mood, irritability, anxiety, poor concentration, restlessness, increased appetite and insomnia. The modified Cigarette Evaluation Questionnaire (mCEQ) (Cappelleri et al., 2007) will be used to assess smoking satisfaction, psychological reward, aversion, enjoyment of respiratory tract sensations and craving reduction. The two previous questionnaires will be administered baseline visit and at each weekly visit through week 6 (after TQD) and at the end of treatment or at termination for participants who discontinued the study before week 6 (TQD). While the MNWS will be administered to all participants, the mCEQ will be administered only to participants who report smoking since their last completed questionnaire. Furthermore, we will assess the level of the nicotine dependence by using the Modified Fagerstrà ¶m Test for Nicotine Dependence (Heatherton et al., 1991) that range to three score ranges: (0-3) score indicate to low dependent, (4-6) score indicate to moderate dependent and (7-10) score indicate highly dependent. It will be administered at the baseline of the study. Schematic presentation of study design: Screening all diabetic patients medical records to estimate prevalence of smoking among them Interviewed structured questionnaire for all diabetic smoker to: To know characteristics of diabetic smoker (sociodemographic, diabetic history and tobacco use history) Investigate the knowledge towards smoking cessation and its pharmacotherapies Patients who attend quit smoking clinic Assessed for eligibility Excluded: Did not meet entry criteria Withdrew consent Randomized at ratio 1:1 Allocated to Varnicline (2mg or 1mg) (For 12 weeks) and arrange for quit date Allocated to nicotine Patch (For 12 weeks) and arrange for quit date Follow up at the end of treatment (12 weeks) and at 6 months to assess: Abstinence rate of smoking cessation the cravings and withdrawal symptoms the reinforcing effects of smoking changes in body weight Analysis Inclusion criteria The inclusion criteria it will be varying among the different objectives: For investigating the knowledge and awareness towards smoking cessation and its pharmacotherapies, smoker and ex-smoker diabetic patients (either type I or II) of both sexes aged à ¢Ã¢â‚¬ °Ã‚ ¥18 years will be included. For the direct comparison between nicotine patch and varenicline, Diabetic smokers of both sexes aged à ¢Ã¢â‚¬ °Ã‚ ¥18 years who smoke à ¢Ã¢â‚¬ °Ã‚ ¥10 cigarettes/day and willing to quit smoking. Exclusion criteria Patient is currently using any form of tobacco other than cigarettes; any form of NRT or other smoking cessation therapy. Significant depression requiring behavioral counseling and those using medications with psychoactive effects (e.g., antidepressants, antianxiety agents). other active psychiatric diseases because of previously identified limitations with delivery of the specific counseling intervention in such subjects. History of skin allergies or evidence of chronic dermatosis. Patient has medical contraindications for any of the study medications. Pregnant, breastfeeding women or at risk of becoming pregnant. Drug abuse or HIV infected patient. Recent (à ¢Ã¢â‚¬ °Ã‚ ¤3 months) history of myocardial infarction, angina pectoris, serious cardiac arrhythmia, or other medical conditions that the healthcare provider deemed incompatible with study participation. Participation within the last 12 months in a formal smoking cessation program.

Friday, January 17, 2020

Marriage and Family

The definition of family is a problematic issue for many scholars because of the complexity of the phenomenon and diversity of various family forms. With the continuing discussion of the possibility of gay families, the family is going to undergo an even more drastic redefinition. However, most families, irrespective of their form, will share some common features that allow researchers to group them together.The definition of the US Census Bureau states that the family is a â€Å"a group of two people or more related by birth, marriage, or adoption and residing together† (Flora & Segrin, p. 5). Therefore, to qualify for a family people need to be connected with ties of blood or law and live together; otherwise, people living together will be considered non-family households. Since the definition is structural, it resides on the inner structure of the unit and is therefore more straightforward than other attempts to define family.Family forms are also most frequently determined by structural ties. Thus, scholars distinguish the family of origin that â€Å"refers to relatives who are connected by blood or traditional sociolegal contracts such as marriage or adoption† (Flora & Segrin, p. 6). This form usually describes the family into which one is born.There is also a nuclear family that includes â€Å"two heterosexual parents and one or more children† (Flora & Segrin, p. 7). Nuclear families are distinguished first of all by the presence of two or one-parent, thus falling into two- or single-parent households. The latter type has spread with increase in the divorce rates from 11% of all families to 16% in the period from 1970 to 2000 (Flora & Segrin, p. 7). Two-parent families may not necessarily include children’s biological parents; at times, they will be remarriage, or step-families. Families can also be child-free, which includes â€Å"a married couple who voluntarily decides not to have children† (Flora & Segrin, p. 7).The above definition of the nuclear family refers to monogamous families that are typically considered the norm in the West. In a monogamous family, each partner will have only one spouse. In a polygamous family, a man can have more than one wife or vice versa. This is the case, for instance, in Muslim families where a man will often take more than one wife.A nuclear family contrast with multigenerational family households where representatives of many generations live together under one roof, and families include grandchildren and grandparents living together, or even great-grandchildren and great-grandparents. The nuclear family became more widespread in the industrial epoch and reached its height in the 1950s when more and more young families began to live apart from their parents. Most will nevertheless keep the contact between their nuclear unit and extended family – a group of all other relatives in addition to parents and children, most notably aunts, uncles, cousins, gran dparents, in-laws etc.Depending on the form of legal relationship between the people of the opposite or same sex living together, a couple can be classified as a cohabitating family. In this family, partners are not bound to each other by any form of legal contract. This form has proliferated of late as people have begun to see marriage bonds as less and less compulsory. Gay or lesbian families are couples including individuals of the same sex that live together, sometimes also with children. In most cases, such families will be based on the sexual intercourse and emotional commitment.Another family form on the rise today is the adoptive family in which a couple will adopt one or more children, sometimes in addition to the children they already have. Adoptions can also be biracial and international, meaning that kids are from a different race and country than their adoptive parents (Walsh, p. 17).The abundance of various family types testifies to the important role of the family in the life of people. Today’s reality has seen increasing acceptance of diverse family forms. These forms have come to replace the traditional nuclear family structure with different patterns.2. .The traditional American family in the past decades has undergone profound transformation. Due to the rising divorce rates, more and more children will live in single-family households as well as those where parents will re-marry. Blended families where children of both remarried parents live together are also becoming more common. The proliferation of new family types replacing the traditional nuclear family requires of family members more aptitude for adjustment.At present, America has the highest divorce rate on the globe. This change has translated into rise of single-family households that in 1990 â€Å"accounted for 23 percent of all Caucasian families, 33 percent of all Hispanic families, and 61 percent of all African American families† (Faruque 1999). Single-parent house holds headed by working mothers are still more likely to have incomes below poverty level than two-parent households; this additional factor pushes more women toward remarriage.On average, an American child will spend five years in a single-parent household. The divorce of biological parents is often followed by the re-marriage of one or both parents, which leads to an increase in step-parenting. As of 1999, â€Å"slightly over 40 percent of all current marriages in the United States [were] 2nd and 3rd marriages† (Faruque 1999). Quite often, remarriage will result in the formation of the blended family involving not only the two spouses, but also their children and perhaps aging relatives to care for.Partners how have formed such a family will often find themselves stressed to cope with the increased burden and have less time to devote to their children. As a result, remarried and blended families have many things to cope with that are not a problem to traditional families: t he need to find contact with children of the new spouse, need to blend children in if there are children in custody on both sides, coping with new relatives and so on.Remarriage will often result in households where children live with their mother and her new husband, although father-stepmother arrangements are also possible. Stepfamily Association estimates that about 30% of American children live in stepfamilies (Rainbows). According to data from the US Census Bureau, â€Å"20% of the children in two-parent households living with one natural parent and one step parent† (Rainbows). Another statistical fact is that â€Å"slightly more than 40% of all current marriages are second or third marriages† (Rainbows).Step-parenting is a challenge to many who find the child an additional complication to an otherwise happy new relationship. For children, living in a new household with a step parent may also be problematic because they are â€Å"trapped by their feelings of love and identification with the absent biological parent and the growing attachment to the stepparent† (Faruque 1999).All these data demonstrate that divorce and remarriage are a powerful trend in the development of the American family, and quite soon the traditional family with two parents and their biological children may recede into the past or remain a minority. Today’s parenting is associated with many complex issues such as handling children who demonstrate an adverse reaction to the new parent or stepsiblings. On the other hand, the changing family patterns increasingly cause emotional disturbance among children that are likely to experience emotional, learning or other behavioural problems because of divorce and/or remarriage in their families. The changing family situation requires a greater variety of skills on the part of parents and children in order to cope with shifts and new family structures less painfully. BibliographyFaruque, Cathleen Jo. The Changing Of America's Families. 26 May 2006 ;http://www.selfhelpmagazine.com/articles/parenting/families.html;.Flora, Jeanne, and Chris Segrin. Family Communication. Mahwah, NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum Associates, 2005.Rainbows. A Generation at Risk. 26 May 2006Walsh, Froma. Normal Family Processes: Growing Diversity and Complexity. New York: Guilford Press, 2003.

Thursday, January 9, 2020

I can remember rare occasions as a child when I would wake...

I can remember rare occasions as a child when I would wake up for school and there would be pancakes, eggs and bacon on the table and orange juice or Sunny Delight to drink. These exciting occasions, however, were just that: rare. Most days I would bound down the stairs to the toaster loaded with Pop-Tarts. I would usually be disappointed that I couldnt devour a wholesome breakfast, but I later came to understand the convenience of the Pop-Tart. My parents could put pastries in the toaster and continue to get ready for their day without having to worry about too much clean-up. It was during these early days of my education that I really found a love for the sugary, fruit-filled pastries. Post Cereals was the first company to come†¦show more content†¦Along with their release to stores across the country, store managers were instructed to put the Pop-Tarts in the cookie and cake aisle, opposed to the cereal aisle where the Post Country Squares were faltering in sales. Kellogg started out with only four flavors of Pop-Tarts: apple currant, blueberry, cinnamon and strawberry. Over the years they have come out with a variety of different flavors including chocolate, French toast and a very popular smores version. The company decided not to frost the original version because the creators thought that the frosting might melt in the toaster. The developers later came to realize that the frosting would not melt in the toaster, however, and the first Pop-Tarts with frosting were released for sale in 1967. In 1971, Kellogg decided to introduce Milton the Toaster, a cartoon character that would be used to help promote the product. The character was a hit with the sample audiences and was launched nationwide, but the campaign was terminated after a commercial showing Milton the Toaster being hugged by a child fostered a fear that children may try to copy the commercial and burn themselves. Pop-Tarts came under a lot of scrutiny in 1992 when a man named Thomas Nangle sued Kellogg for damages on the grounds that his Pop-Tart got caught in his toaster and started a fire. TheShow MoreRelatedThe Kellogg s Factory Makes Pop Tarts894 Words   |  4 Pagessleep. Or so I thought. I ate breakfast, got dressed, and set on my bike to work. Every day I worked at the Kellogg s factory. The Kellogg s factory makes Pop Tarts. My job is to take the individually wrapped Pop Tarts and put them in a sealed box. Every day I worked as hard as I could. Our biggest competition was the Kroger-Brand Pop Tart, Iced Toaster Treats. Anyways, I worked long and hard. My wrists even started to hurt from all that intense packaging. Meanwhile, a worker from Iced ToasterRead MoreAnalysis Of The Movie Television Tv 1138 Words   |  5 Pagesfor him. Food, Oliver loves food. He eats all the time, non-stop. The difficulty with this is his diet is very limited due to food aversions and sensory difficulties with textures, looks, and tastes. His diet consists of mainly; S more pop tarts (with perfect frosting on top and no broken edges), cheese pizza (mainly from Little Caesars), hamburger buns, cinnamon rice cakes, gummies, chocolate chip cookies (crunchy, not soft), marshmallows, chocolate milk, pancakes and icecream. The onlyRead MoreMarketing Strategy : Target Market891 Words   |  4 PagesMarketing Strategy Target Market We will be targeting a consumer market. Pop Tarts are a product that should be able to show up in stores across South Korea. The average disposable income per capita is 18,035 USD a year. While this is not necessarily high by any means, South Korea does have the 12th largest economy in the world (â€Å"Korea Life Index,† 2015). Within the consumer market, there are several target markets that we could go for in South Korea. What would seem to be the most obvious wouldRead MoreFat Tax792 Words   |  4 Pagesis more expensive than the overly processed, less healthy choices. Relatively speaking, this isn’t true. A box of Pop Tarts averages $3 for eight servings and a box of old fashioned oatmeal, a far more nutritious and healthy choice, costs the same price for thirty servings. Pop Tarts are still the breakfast of choice for many Americans. Even with an additional tax on the Pop Tarts, someone has first to value their health before choosing oatmeal. Increasing the price of certain foods isn’t goingRead MoreDistribution Strategy : South Korea906 Words   |  4 Pagesinfrastructure companies in South Korea will hopefully benefit from joining China-backed bank (Kim and Yoo, 2015). This focus on infrastructure is extremely good for the distribution of Pop Tarts. Since the product will already be produced in South Korea, this means that distribution just requires a truck to drive the Pop Tarts to grocery stores across the country. Our main focus should be distributing in and around Seoul; doing this would mean more paved roads for the trucks and, therefore, the trucksRead MoreHistory Of A Poor Diet939 Words   |  4 Pagespossible. Besides, I didn t know how to cook. I was not interested in cooking. Cooking at that time involved adding hot water to noodles. Pepsi was my choice beverage. Immediately after waking up in the morning, my breakfast consisted two cold pop tarts and a glass of Pepsi. After breakfast, I had three consecutive classes. About half way through the first class I would go from feeling energized to feeling terrible. Where did my energy go? It was very rare that I made an appearance to all threeRead MoreHealthy Eating Plan Vs. Nutrition1394 Words   |  6 Pagesclasses I am very busy. I normally do not eat breakfast but if I do have breakfast I’ll eat a brown sugar pop tart. Some nights when I get home I may go without eating. Day 1 of me tracking what I ate was on a Monday I did not have anything for breakfast, lunch I had foosacklys, dinner I did not eat anything, and I ate Cinnabon for snack while I was at work. Day 2 I ate a brown sugar pop tart for breakfast, for lunch I ate foosacklys (a snack no toast extra fries ), for dinner I had a salad and friedRead MoreCereal At The Store Study1325 Words   |  6 Pagesobserve. When I enter the store the first thing I did was walk towards the cereal Aisle which is in the middle of the store. Once I was in the cereal aisle, I would notice that besides cereal the also contained other breakfast foods such as Pop Tarts, breakfast bars, and oatmeal. The aisle also contained products to make other breakfast food such as an egg poacher and a breakfast sandwich maker. Finally I would observe that the area also was where the Tea and hot chocolate is located whichRead MoreIncrease The Strength Of Marketing Essay1505 Words   |  7 Pagescomfortable environment, such as warm color, sofa, coffee, newspaper etc. Options Sub-options Methods Competitive strategy Differentiation Advertising Marketing Positioning 1.Improve their current business model - pop-up model 2.Target new customer segment, such as Internet addiction 3.Start a website for custom orders 1.Various forms of advertising 2.Various forms of marketing 1.Environmentally friendly 2.Healthy 3.Excellent business ethics Online and offlineRead MoreKelloggs874 Words   |  4 PagesTony the Tiger had won a contest over the Katy the Kangaroo to become the sole spokes-character for Kellogg’s Frosted Flakes and a mainstay in American culture (Kellogg’s). Kellogg’s is a big company today; they have many food lines out such as pop-tarts, cereals, ego’s, frozen waffles, and nutrient bars. Kellogg’s has established themselves as the leader with health-conscious innovative breakfast choices such as Special K, All Bran and nineteen cereals (Kellogg’s). While expanding yet Kellogg’s